8. Gender

Gender and education

• Men and women should have access to the same educational opportunities
• Males and females should be accepted onto courses according to their abilities
• It is wrong to discriminate against students because of their gender
• Gender should be irrelevant in education
• Student’s achievements should depend on hard work and individual merit
• In the UK, there are similar numbers of male and female students in higher education

Gender and work

• Men and women should have access to the same professional opportunities
• Both man and women should be able to pursue a career
• They should earn equal salaries
• They should be employed according to their abilities, qualifications and experience
• Traditionally women have been restricted to certain roles
• They were often employed as secretaries or receptionists
• Nowadays, a range of occupations is available to both sexes
• Career success depends on individual merit

Women’s and Men’s roles in the Family

• Some people argue that a mother should not work
• She should stay at home and bring up her children
• The father should be the breadwinner of the family
• Others believe that both parents should share these responsibilities
• Working women can take maternity leave during and after pregnancy
• Many mothers continue to work after this period
• Many fathers and mothers share their parenting and domestic responsibilities
• They contribute equally to childcare, cooking and cleaning
• Some women many have better career prospects than their husbands.
• Paternity leave and “househusbands” are becoming more common
• Traditional gender roles and gradually changing
• Families can divide roles and responsibilities in the most convenient way.

性别和教育

• 男人和女人应该享受一样的教育机会
• 男人和女人应该根据他们能力被接受到课程
• 根绝学生的性别来区别他们的做法是错误的
• 性别和教育应该无关
• 学生的成就应该取决于努力的工作和他们的能力
• 在英国，高等教育有着相同数量的男女学生

性别和工作

• 男人和女人应该有一样的职业机会
• 男人和女人都应该可以追求职业
• 他们应该赚取相同的薪水
• 他们应该根据他们的能力、资质和经验被雇佣
• 传统上女人在特定的角色上被限制
• 她们经常被雇佣为秘书或接待员
• 如今，一系列的职位对两种性别都开放
• 职业成功取决于个人能力

女人和男人在家庭中的角色

• 一些人认为母亲不应该工作
• 她应该待在家抚养她的孩子
• 父亲应该是家庭的养家糊口之人
• 工作女人应该有妊娠期和妊娠后的产假
• 许多母亲在这期间后继续工作
• 许多父亲和母亲分享抚养和家庭(domestic)责任
• 他们在育儿、做饭和打扫方面贡献相同
• 一些女人比他们的丈夫有更好的职业前景
• 陪产假和家庭主夫正变得越来越普遍
• 传统性别角色正在改变
• 家庭可以用最方便的方式区分角色和责任