2. Animal rights

Arguments for Animal testing

• Animals are used in important scientific research
• It is necessary to do medical tests on new drugs
• Animal testing helps to advance medical and scientific knowledge
• Many important medical discoveries involved experimentation on animals
• Researchers aim to minimize the suffering that animals experience
• Testing for the cosmetics industry is now banned in many countrie

Arguments against Animal Testing

• The benefits of research using animals do not justify the suffering caused
• There are alternative methods of research
• The lives of animals should be respected
• Humans have no moral right to do experiments on animals

Arguments for Vegetarianism

• Vegetarians do not eat foods that are produced by killing animals
• Many people choose a vegetarian diet for moral or health reasons
• A healthy diet is possible without eating meat
• It is unnecessary to kill animal for food
• A vegetarian diet may reduce the risk of disease like cancer
• Many people question the treatment of animals in factory farms

Arguments against Vegetarianism

• Vegetarians do not eat a balanced diet
• In many cultures, meat is the main ingredient in traditional meals
• Meat-eaters argue that animals are below humans in the food chain
• It is completely natural for us to kill them for food
• Our aim should be improve farming methods
• Farms should produce organic food

Positives of Zoos

• Zoos paly an important role in wildlife conservation
• They can help to protect endangered species
• Zoos allow scientists to study animals and their behavior
• Zoos are educational, interesting and fun
• Children, in particular, enjoy learning about animals
• Zoos provide job opportunities.

Negatives of Zoos

• Zoo animals are kept in artificial environments
• They are kept in cages or have limited space
• Zoo animals rely on humans
• They lose the freedom to hunt for food
• They best way to save endangered species is by protecting natural habitats.
• Some people believe that zoos are unethical
• Zoos exhibits animals with the aim of making money
• We have no right to use animals for entertainment and profit.

支持动物试验的论据

• 动物被用于重要的科学研究
• 对新药的医学试验是必要的
• 动物试验帮助促进医学和科学研究
• 很多重要的医学试验涉及到在动物上的试验
• 科研工作者旨在最小化动物经历的遭难
• 化妆行业的测试目前在很多国家已经被禁止

反对动物试验的论据

• 使用动物对研究的好处并不能证明其造成的遭难是合理的
• 有可替换的科研方法
• 动物的生命应该被尊敬
• 人类没有道德权去在动物身上做试验

支持素食主义的论据

• 素质主义者不吃杀死动物得到的食物
• 许多人选择素食主义的日常饮食是出于道德和健康的原因
• 不吃肉也可能有一个健康的日常饮食
• 杀死动物获取食物是没有必要的
• 一个素食主义的日常饮食或许会减少像癌症这样疾病的风险
• 许多人质疑工厂化工厂的动物得到的对待

反对素食主义的论据

• 素食主义者没有吃一个平衡的日常饮食
• 在许多文化里，肉是传统餐的主要原料
• 肉食者争论说在食物链中动物是在人类之下的
• 杀死它们获取食物对我们而言十分自然
• 我们的目标应该是提高耕作方法
• 农田应该生产有机食品

动物园的好处

• 动物园在野生生物保护方面发挥一个重要的作用
• 它们可以帮助保护濒危物种
• 动物园允许科学家研究动物及其它们的行为
• 动物园可以是有教育意义的、有趣的和好玩的
• 特别是孩子，喜欢学习有关动物

动物园的坏处

• 动物园的动物被关在人工环境里
• 它们被关在笼子里或者只有有限的空间
• 动物园的动物依赖人类
• 它们丧失的捕获食物的自由
• 最好的保护濒危物种的方法是保护自然栖息地
• 一些人认为动物园是不道德的
• 动物园为了赚钱而展览动物
• 我们没有权利为了娱乐和利益而使用动物