雅思阅读考点词库
8 minute read
引用于刘洪波《剑桥雅思阅读考点词真经》 538 个雅思阅读考点词,分成了 3 类,进行了重要性排序。如果考生熟知,对应雅思阅读 7 分以上能力。
第 1类考点词
共 20+34=54 个
定义:雅思阅读文章中只要出现该次词,90%会被命题考查!不同的真题中被反复考查多次,超高频考点词! 背记:考生请严格按下表中重要性排行顺序记忆 20 个考点词。第一个背的阅读单词是 resemble 而不是 abandon,它在《剑桥雅思 9》和《剑桥雅思 10》 中多次考到。请同记忆下表真题命题方式中相对于的 34 个同义替换考点 词(彩色单词)。不熟的单词请一定查出标注,同时建议思考相关反义词表达。
要求:滚瓜烂熟
| 重要性 | 考点词 | 常考中文词义 | 雅思阅读真题命题方式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | resemble | v.像,与……相似 | like, look, like, be similar to |
| 2 | recognize | v.认出,识别;承认 | perceive, acknowledge, realize, appreciate, admit , identify, comprehend, understand know |
| 3 | adjust | v.调整,使适合 | change, modify, shift, alter |
| 4 | approach | n.方法 | method, way |
| 5 | fundamental | adj.基本的,基础的 | rudimentary, preliminary, basic |
| 6 | rely on | 依靠,依赖 | depend on |
| 7 | domestic | adj.家庭的;国内的 | home, local, national |
| 8 | measure | v.测量 | calculate, assess, evaluate |
| 9 | trait | n.特性,特征 | characteristic, feature, property |
| 10 | coin | v.创造 | first used, invent |
| 11 | artificial | adj.人造的,仿造的 | synthetic, man-made |
| 12 | prompt | v.促进,激起 | initiate, immediately |
| 13 | exchange | v.交换 | share, apply A to B |
| 14 | underlie | v.成为……基础 | based on, ground, root |
| 15 | ignore | v.忽视,不顾 | neglect, overlook, underestimate |
| 16 | fertiliser | n.化肥,肥料 | chemical, toxic, unnatural |
| 17 | that* | pron.那;那个 | this, it, they, those, these, such *指代是雅思阅读的重要考点 |
| 18 | and* | conj.和,而且 | or, as well as, both…and, not only…but also…, other than, in addition, besides, on the one hand…on the other hand…, neither…nor… *并列结构是雅思阅读的重要考点 |
| 19 | rather than* | 而非,不是 | but, yet, however, whereas, nonetheless, nevertheless, although, notwithstanding though, instead *转折结构是雅思阅读的重要考点 |
| 20 | thanks to* | 由于,幸亏 | stem from,derive,owing to,due to, according to, because of, on account of, as a result of, leading to, because, since, for, in that, as, therefore, hence *因果关系是雅思阅读重要考点 |
第二类考点词
共 100+71=171 个(注:这类词中考点词与近义词有重复,故实际为 171个考 点词。)
定义:雅思阅读文章中只要出现该词,60%会被命题考查!不同的真题中被考查过一次以上重要考点词! 背记:考生请按下表中重要性排行顺序记忆 100 个考点词; 同时记忆真题命题方式中相对于的 71 个同意替换考点词(彩色单词)。不熟的单词请一定查出标注,同时建议思考相关反义词表达。
要求:熟记 10 遍以上。
| 重要性 排行 | 考点词 | 常考中文词义 | 雅思阅读真题命题方式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | diversity | n.多样性,差异 | variety, difference |
| 22 | detect | v.查明,发现 | find, look for, seek, search |
| 23 | isolate | v.使隔离,使孤立 | inaccessible |
| 24 | avoid | v.避免 | escape, evitable |
| 25 | budget | n.预算 | fund, financial |
| 26 | adapt to | 使适应 | fit, suit |
| 27 | alternative | adj.供替代的, 供 选择的 n.替代品 | substitute |
| 28 | compensate | n.补偿,赔偿 | make up, offset |
| 29 | component | n.成分,要素 | proportion |
| 30 | military | adj.军事的 | weapon, army |
| 31 | criteria | n.标准 | standard |
| 32 | curriculum | n.课程 | syllabus, course of study |
| 33 | feasible | adj.可行的 | realistic, viable |
| 34 | constrain | v.束缚,限制 | stop, control |
| 35 | deficiency | n.缺陷,缺点 | shortage, defect, weakness |
| 36 | supplement | v.补充 | provision |
| 37 | distinguish | v.区别,辨别 | separate, differentiate |
| 38 | analyze | v.分析,解释 | examine, diagnose |
| 39 | emphasize | v.强调,着重 | focus on, stress |
| 40 | enormous | adj.庞大的 巨大的 | massive, large |
| 41 | imitate | v.模仿 | mimic, copy |
| 42 | impair | v.削弱,减少 | damage, diminish, decrease |
| 43 | hinder | v.阻碍 | impede, prevent, deter, obstacle |
| 44 | legitimate | adj.合法的 | legal |
| 45 | limitation | n.限制 | restriction |
| 46 | convention | n.手法;习俗 | method; tradition |
| 47 | demanding | adj.苛求的 | troublesome |
| 48 | determine | v.决定 | decide |
| 49 | accelerate | v.加速,促进;强调 | speed up |
| 50 | ancient | adj.古代的;古老的 | aged, old |
| 51 | beneficial | adj.有益的 | helpful, advantageous, wholesome |
| 52 | chronic | adj.慢性的,长期 性的 | lasting |
| 53 | conscious | adj.有意识的,神 志清醒的 | aware, knowing |
| 54 | minimize | v. 最小化,使…… 减少到最少 | reduce, lessen |
| 55 | immunity | n.免疫力 | resistance |
| 56 | Imperative | adj.必要的, 紧急的 | compelling, necessary, urgent |
| 57 | secrete | v.分泌 | discharge, exude |
| 58 | exaggerate | v.夸大,夸张 | overstate |
| 59 | transmit | v.传达,传输 | pass, send , transfer |
| 60 | extinct | v.灭绝 | die out, lost |
| 61 | exclusive | adj.独有的;排外的;专一的 | only |
| 62 | guarantee | v.保证,担保 | assure |
| 63 | inherit | v.继承 | receive |
| 64 | witness | n.见证,证据;目 击者 | view, see |
| 65 | magnetic | adj.有磁性的 | attractive |
| 66 | loss | n.减少;亏损;失 败;遗失的 | waste, gone |
| 67 | option | n.选择 | choice |
| 68 | prefer to | 更喜欢 | rather |
| 69 | priority | n.优先权 | preference, preferential |
| 70 | primary | adj.主要的 | principle, main |
| 71 | principle | n.原理 | rule |
| 72 | potential | n.潜能 adj.潜在的 | possibility |
| 73 | quantity | n.量,数量 | number |
| 74 | settle | v.解决;定居,稳定 | fix, figure out |
| 75 | sophisticate | v.使复杂 | complicate |
| 76 | specific | adj.明确的;特殊的 | detailed, particular |
| 77 | survive | v.存活,幸存 | remain |
| 78 | swift | adj.迅速的,敏捷的,立刻的 | quick, rapid |
| 79 | unexpectedly | adv.出乎意料的 | surprising |
| 80 | surrounding | n.环境 | setting, environment |
| 81 | attempt | n.试图,尝试 | try, test |
| 82 | expertise | n.专门技术 | knowledge, skill |
| 83 | faculty | n.能力,才能;全 体教员 | ability |
| 84 | donate | v.捐赠 | contribute |
| 85 | dynamics | n.动力学 | energy, force, move |
| 86 | incentive | n.刺激,鼓励;动机 | motive, stimulus |
| 87 | mortality | n.死亡率 | death |
| 88 | peripheral | adj.外围的, 次要的 | unimportant, minor |
| 89 | vicinity | n.邻近,附近 | neighbourhood, nearby |
| 90 | threaten | v.威胁,危及 | endanger, jeopardize, risk, hazard |
| 91 | practice | n.实行;练习 | method, exercise |
| 92 | bacteria | n.细菌 | virus, germ, microbe |
| 93 | be subject to | 受……支配 | face |
| 94 | be liable to | 易于…… | potential |
| 95 | innate | adj.天生的;内在的,直觉的 | built-in, inborn |
| 96 | pattern | n.模式 | formation |
| 97 | therapy | n.治疗,理疗 | treatment |
| 98 | original | adj.原始的,最初的 | initial, fist |
| 99 | confidential | adj.机密的,秘密的 | undisclosed, secret, hidden |
| 100 | cognitive | adj.认知的 | mental |
| 101 | comply with | 照做,遵守 | obey |
| 102 | consult | v.查阅,商量,请教, 咨询 | ask for advice |
| 103 | superior | adj*..上级的 ;优秀的 | higher, upper |
| 104 | co-operation | n.合作,协作 | support, work together |
| 105 | co-ordinate | v.使……协调 | organize, harmonize |
| 106 | differ | v.使……相异; 使……不同 | vary |
| 107 | cue | n.线索 | hint, clue |
| 108 | signal | n.信号 | symbol, mark, sign |
| 109 | abandon | v.放弃,遗弃 | quit, give up, forsake, derelict |
| 110 | halt | n.停止 | stop, quit |
| 111 | fragile | adj.脆弱的 | vulnerable |
| 112 | retain | v.记住 | maintain |
| 113 | vanish | n.消失,绝迹 | disappear |
| 114 | delivery | n.递送 | send |
| 115 | erode | v.侵蚀 | rust, damage |
| 116 | induce | v.引起,引诱 | cause, lead to |
| 117 | stable | adj.稳定的 | constant, unchanged |
| 118 | integrate | v.使……成整体 | combine, whole |
| 119 | equal | adj. 平 等的 ; 相 等的;胜任的 | fair, even |
| 120 | grant | v.拨款;授予 | offer |
第 3 类考点词(共 256+57=313 个)
定义:雅思阅读真题文章中被考查过的单词,它们都是雅思阅读考点词。 背记:这 256 个单词的重要性一致,因此没有按照重要性排序;同时记忆真题命题方式中相对应的 57 个同义替换考点词(彩色单词)。不熟的单词请 一定要查出标注,同时建议思考相关反义词表达。
要求:熟记 5 遍以上。
| 考点词 | 常考中文词义 | 雅思阅读真题命题方式 |
|---|---|---|
| accumulate | v.积累,积聚 | gather |
| addictive | adj.上瘾的 | habit |
| adversity | n.逆境,不幸 | trouble |
| aggression | n.侵犯,侵害 | attack |
| agreeable | adj.令人愉快的;合 适的;和蔼可亲的 | pleasant |
| aid | n.援助,帮助 | help |
| allergic | adj.过敏的;对…… 极讨厌的 | irritate |
| altitude | n.高度,海拔 | height |
| application | n.应用 | utilization |
| approve | v.批准 | agree |
| array | n.排列,大批 | order |
| assign | v.分配,指派 | allocate |
| association | n.协会,联盟;联系 | union |
| attitude | n.看法,态度 | opinion |
| authority | n.当局,权威 | government |
| be consistent with | 与……一致 | compatible |
| bear | v.承担;忍受 | tolerate |
| blight | v.损害;枯萎 | destroy |
| boundary | n.边界;底线 | barrier |
| bungle | v.搞糟,拙劣地工作 | mishandle |
| burden | n.负担 | load |
| calamity | n.灾难 | disaster |
| capacity | n.容量 | volume |
| catastrophic | adj.灾难的 | disastrous |
| cater | v.迎合;满足需求 | serve |
| certify | v.证明,保证 | verify |
| civic | adj.实名的 | municipal |
| comment | n.评论;意见 v.评论 | remark |
| commitment | n.承诺,许诺,义 务;致力 | engagement |
| communal | adj.公共的,公社的 | public |
| commute | v.通勤;用……交换 | travel |
| compare | v.与……相比较 | contrast |
| conceal | v.隐藏;隐瞒 | hide |
| concentrate | v.专心于;集中 | focus |
| concur | v.同意 | agree |
| confer | v.授予,给予 | grant |
| conflict | n.冲突,矛盾 | unharmonious |
| confuse | v.使混乱,使迷惑 | puzzle |
| conservative | adj.保守的 | traditional |
| considerable | adj.相当大的,重要的 | significant |
| contingent | adj.因情况而异的 | uncertain |
| controversial | adj.有争论的 | disputable |
| correlation | n.相关,关联 | link |
| courtship | n.求爱(时期) | mate |
| crash | n.碰撞 | collapse |
| credibility | n.可信性 | reliance |
| criminal | n.罪犯,犯人 | conviction |
| crisis | n.危机 | risk |
| criticism | n.评论 | condemn |
| curb | v.限制,抑制 | restrict |
| damp | adj.潮湿的 | wet |
| dazzle | v.使目眩;使…… 眼花 | flash |
| deadline | n.最后期限 | limit |
| delay | n.延期,耽搁 | postpone |
| democratic | adj.民主的 | republic |
| demographic | adj.人口统计学的; 人口学 | population statistic |
| dental | adj.牙科的,牙齿的 | teeth |
| depression | n.抑郁,沮丧 | frustration |
| designate | n.指定;指派,标出 | appoint |
| detain | v.留住 | hold |
| devastate | v.毁坏,毁灭 | wreck |
| disclose | v.公开;揭露 | expose |
| disparate | adj.不同的 | different |
| display | n.显示 | show |
| disrupt | v.破坏 | destroy |
| distract | v.转移,分心 | divert |
| distribute | v.分配,分发 | spread |
| documentation | n.文件;文献 | record |
| domain | n.领域 | field |
| dominant | adj.占优势的,占支 配地位的 | overbearing |
| dramatic | adj.戏剧化的;激动 人心的,引人注意的 | striking |
| drought | n.干旱 | dry |
| durable | adj.持久的 | lasting |
| eco-friendly | adj.生态有好的, 环保的 | environmentally-friendly |
| elaborate | v.详细阐述,详细叙 述 | illustrate |
| elderly | adj.高龄的 | aged |
| eliminate | v.消除,排除 | dispose |
| elusive | adj.难懂的,难捉摸的;行踪隐秘的 | hard |
| encyclopaedia | n.百科全书 | entire range of knowledge |
| entrepreneur | n.企业家 | boss |
| equator | n.赤道 | geography |
| erratically | adv.不定的,无视规 律地 | unpredictably |
| established | adj.确定的;已制定的,已建立的 | built |
| estate | n.房地产 | property |
| ethical | adj.道德的 | moral |
| eventually | adv.最后,终于 | finally |
| evidence | n.迹象;证据 | proof |
| evolve | v.进化,发展;逐渐形 成 | develop |
| exhausted | adj.疲惫的,耗尽的 | fatigue |
| experiment | n.试验,试验 | test |
| exceptional | adj.异常的,特别出 色的 | extreme, utmost |
| explicit | adj.明确的 | clear |
| exploit | v.开发,利用 | use |
| extend | v.扩展,延伸,推广 | expand |
| extract | n.摘录 v.提取 | quotation |
| famine | n.饥荒 | hunger |
| finite | adj.有限的 | limited |
| fitness | n.健康的 | health |
| foe | n.敌人,危害物 | enemy |
| format | n.格式 | structure |
| fragment | n.碎片 | piece |
| freeze | n.冰冻,冻结 | chill |
| fulfill | v.满足,实现 | execute |
| gene | n.基因 | factor |
| gifted | adj. 有天赋的,有才 华的 | talented |
| graphic | adj.形象的;图解的 | picture |
| habitat | n.栖息地,住所 | residence |
| harbor | v.怀有 n.海港 | hold |
| hardship | n.困苦;苦难 | difficult |
| harsh | adj.艰难的;严酷的 | rough |
| hypothesis | n.假设 | assumption |
| impact | n.影响 | influence |
| impressive | adj.感人的; 给人深 刻印象的 | touching |
| in accordance with | 依照;与……一致 | conform |
| inaccurate | adj.错误的 | incorrect |
| inactive | adj.不活跃的,不活 动的 | passive |
| inappropriate | adj.不适当的 | hard |
| indulge | v.沉溺(于) | spoil |
| infest | v.侵害;寄生于 | plague |
| installment | n.安装;分期付款 | payment on its completion |
| intelligence | n.智力 | mind |
| intense | adj.强烈的;紧张的; 热情的 | strong |
| interaction | n.相互作用,交流互 动 | social activities |
| interference | n.干涉 | interdependence |
| interior | n.内部 adj.内部的 | inner |
| interrupt | v.中断 | stop |
| introverted | adj.内向的,含蓄的 | shyness |
| involve | v.包含,牵涉 | associate |
| keen | adj.热切的;强迫的, 强烈的 | strong |
| label | v.打上标签 | display |
| lack | v.缺乏;不足 | shortage |
| landscape | n.风景 | scene |
| likelihood | n.可能性 | chance |
| limb | n.四肢 | arm or leg |
| linguistic | adj.语言(学)的 | language |
| log | v.记录 n.原木 | record |
| look-in | n.成功的机会 | opportunity, chance |
| lopsided | adj.不平衡的 | uneven |
| mainly | adv.主要的,大体的 | primarily |
| malfunction | v.发生故障;不起作用 | breakdown |
| mammal | n.哺乳动物 | creature |
| mange to do | 设法完成某事 | success |
| manifest | v.出现,表现 | obvious |
| manufacture | n.生产 | produce |
| marine | adj.海产的;航海的; 海运的 | sea |
| mate | n.配偶 | spouse |
| mechanism | n.机制,原理 | method |
| mental | adj.精神的,心理的 | intelligent |
| mercury | n.汞,水银 | liquid metal |
| meteorological | adj.气象学的 | weather |
| migrate | v.转移,迁移 | move |
| moisture | n.水分,湿度 | humidity |
| monitor | v.监控 | surveillance |
| motif | n.主题;图形 | theme |
| mould | v.模压,塑造;塑造成 | form |
| native | adj.本国的,土著的; 天然的;天赋的 | original |
| nocturnal | adj.夜间的,夜间发生的 | night |
| norm | n.规范 | regulation |
| notoriety | n.名声 | famous |
| objective | n.目标,目的 adj.客观的 | goal |
| obligation | n.义务 | responsibility |
| obscure | v.掩盖,使模糊不清 | hide |
| obtain | v.获得 | get |
| odd | adj.古怪的 | strange |
| odour | n.气味 | smell |
| offensive | adj.冒犯的,无礼的 | hostile |
| official | n.官员 adj.官方的 | authority |
| optimum | n.最佳效果 adj.最适宜的 | best |
| ordinary | adj.普通的;平凡的; 平常的 | common |
| organ | n.器官;机构 | a part of a body |
| out of the question | 不可能 | impossible |
| overcome | v.克服 | defeat |
| overtake | v.赶上 | surpass |
| paralyse | v.使……麻痹;使…… 瘫痪 | cannot move |
| paramount | adj.最重要的,主要的 | principal |
| participate | v.参加 | join |
| patient | adj.有耐性的,能容 忍的 n.病人;患者 | repetitive |
| peak | n.最高峰,顶点v.使……达到顶峰 | top |
| permit | n.许可证,执照 v.许可 | allow |
| persuade | v.说服,劝说 | influence |
| pessimistic | adj.悲观的 | negative |
| phase | n.阶段 | process |
| physical | adj.身体上的;物质的 | body |
| plagiarise | v.抄袭 | copy |
| plenty of | 大量的 | many |
| plot | v.密谋 | plan |
| pose | v.提出,造成,形成 | cause |
| portable | adj.可携带的 | conveyable |
| poverty | n.贫穷 | poor |
| praise | n.赞扬 | commend |
| predict | v.预测,预知 | expect |
| pressing | adj.迫切的 | urgent |
| private | adj.私人的;私有的; 私下的 | personal |
| prohibit | v.禁止的 | not allowed |
| prolong | v.拉长,延长 | extend |
| promote | v.促进,推销 | improve |
| prosper | v.使成功,使繁荣 | success |
| purify | v.净化 | clean |
| qualify | v.取得资格 | fulfill |
| radical | adj.彻底的,根本的 | utmost |
| range | n.范围;幅度 | scope |
| rare | adj.稀有的 | unusual |
| rate | n.等级 v.评估 | rank;measure |
| react | v.反应 | respond |
| recreation | n.娱乐,消遣 | entertainment |
| reduction | n.下降,减少 | decrease |
| refer to | 指(的是),涉及,提及 | talk about |
| rehearsal | n.排演;预演;练习 | preparation |
| reject | v.拒绝,排斥,丢弃 | exclude |
| relevant | adj.相关的 | relative |
| religious | adj.宗教的;虔诚的 | sacred |
| reluctant | adj.不情愿的 | unwilling |
| reproduce | v.繁殖 | breed |
| responsible | adj.负责的,可靠的; 有责任的 | liable |
| revision | n.修正 | editing |
| revive | v.使复苏,恢复 | renaissance |
| ruin | v.毁灭 | destroy |
| scenic | adj.风景优美的 | beautiful |
| shade | n.遮阳;阴影 | shelter |
| skepticism | n.怀疑 | doubt |
| soar | v.激增 | increase |
| solely | adv.唯一地 | alone |
| solicitor | n.律师 | lawyer |
| steer | v.控制,引导 | manage |
| stimulate | v.刺激,激励 | motivate |
| stride | n.进展 | progress |
| succumb | vi.屈服 | yield |
| subdivide | v.把……细分 | break down |
| subtle | adj.微妙的 | delicate |
| substance | n.物质;实质 | matter |
| sufficiency | n.足量,充足 | enough |
| supersede | v.取代,代替 | replace |
| suppress | v.抑制,隐瞒 | hold |
| supremacy | n.至高无上,很高的 地位 | priority |
| suspicious | adj.可疑的 | odd |
| sustainable | adj.可持续的 | long-term |
| symptom | n.症状,征兆 | sign |
| tension | n.紧张,不安 | upset |
| term | n.术语 | word |
| throughout | adv.自始至终,到处; 全部 | anywhere |
| toll | n.通行费 v.征收 | charge |
| trace | n.追溯;痕迹 | track |
| transcend | v.胜过,超越 | excel |
| transit | n.运输;经过v.运送 | send |
| tremendous | adj.巨大的,惊人的 | vast |
| trigger | n.触发,引发,引起 | begin |
| tropical | adj.热带的 | hot |
| unbiased | adj.公正的, 无偏见的 | fair |
| uniform | adj.始终如一的 | consistent |
| valuable | adj.宝贵的,有价值的 | benefit |
| versatile | adj.多功能 | all-around |
| view | v.看 | overlook |
| violent | adj.暴力的;猛烈的 | fierce |
| visible | adj.明显的,看得见的 | see |
| visual | adj.是觉得 | image |
| well-being | n.健康,康乐 | health |